The Lesser Kudu is one of the most beautiful antelopes in Africa. Kudus are considered by many one of the most handsome of the tragelaphine antelopes, which are: bongo, eland, nyala, bushbuck and sitatunga. Their beautiful horns are the origin of the obscure tradition of scouting: Their elegant spiral horns hollowed out as a wind instrument, are used as signal horns to call Scout camps and training courses together. This happens all over the world. In Africa horns are also used for honey containers, musical instruments, and symbolic ritual instruments; the horns are thought to be the dwelling places of powerful spirits, and others as a symbol for male potency. A lesser kudu is about 200 pounds and about 40 inches at the shoulder. Kudus have stripes and spots on the body. They have white patches on the upper and lower parts of the neck, 11-15 very distinctive white stripes on the sides, a chevron between the eyes and a crest of long hair along the spine, there is no beard (imberbis=not bearded.) Male kudu are bluish-gray, grayish-brown, or have a rust color. Females and young are reddish-brown. In general kudus have slender legs with black and white markings. They have great spiral long horns. Horns can grow up to 72 inches, making 2&1/2 twists; occasionally females will have small horns. The horns are used in defense of predators; horns are not an impediment in wooded habitats; the kudu tilts the chin up and lays the horns against the back helping it to move easily through the dense bush. (The picture above shows a greater kudu as he moves through woodland) Lesser kudus are originally from Africa (Somalia). They are found in acacia and commiphora thornbush in arid savannas; kudus inhabit the dry thorn-bush countries of Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania ( Eastern Africa). Lesser kudus rely on thickets for security; the dense thickets in the plains of Africa provide the kudu cover in which to seclude itself. They are rarely found in the open or scattered bush. Lesser kudus are secretive by nature. They are shy and wary in the wild. They appear in the morning or late afternoon, eat twigs, leaves and young shoots. The rest of the day they remain secluded in dense vegetation; they are usually active at night, seeking shelter soon after sunrise. The hierarchy among males is determined by age and size. Males about the same age and size show their dominance in sparring contests in which they slowly approach one another, lock horns and push back and forth until one gives up; no serious injuries result, but remains of animals have been found where two combatants have locked their horns in such way that they could not disengage. This is just a way to show dominance, which is usually quick and peaceful; at the end this is determined by a lateral display in which one male stands sideways in front of the other trying to look as large as possible so, if the other is suitably impressed, dominance is established. The areas overlap extensively with no apparent territoriality, and different parts are used in different times of the year. Individual home range averages 2.2 square kilometers for males and about 1.8 for females. Population density rarely exceeds one animal per square kilometer. The alarm call is a sharp bark.